Europe

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) remains a divided country facing significant challenges in reconstruction and reconciliation.  While the 1995 Dayton Peace Accords provided a framework to end the conflict and established new political structures, it did not create an atmosphere conducive to building long-term peace.  The international community's High Representative for BiH remains the most senior political authority in the country; governing decisions are made (with varying degrees of collaboration) with local political institutions.  Domestic nationalist parties, blamed by many for the wars of the mid-1990s, remain the strongest political force in BiH and shape public debate to this day.

Despite such challenges, several positive trends have emerged.  Numerous postwar elections have been held without significant disruptions and have been judged largely free and fair by the international community.  While there have been some instances of violent attacks, especially on returned refugees, there has not been a resurgence of war, and the overall security situation has been stable since the Dayton Accords were enacted.

Inclusive Security Recommendations
Woman's Participation in the Internation Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY): Transitional Justice for Bosnia and Herzegovina

Conflict Background
BBC Country Profile